中国大学生就业

受全球经济下行影响，工科硕士生面临就业竞争加剧、求职周期延长、部分毕业生偏离工程领域就业的现实困境。在此背景下，经济资助已超越基本生活保障范畴，成为支撑工科硕士生能力发展与职业成长的关键制度安排。基于“长江经济带地区工科硕士生调查”数据库，本研究实证分析了经济资助体系对工科硕士生就业质量的影响。研究发现，经济资助可以显著促进工科硕士生的职业获得，提升其就业满意度，并对初始薪资具有积极影响。就资助结构而言，学校资助具有普惠性特征，其对工科硕士生就业质量的促进效应尤为凸显。此外，对于家庭社会经济地位较低的弱势学生群体而言，经济资助具有显著的就业补偿效应。

Influenced by the global economic downturn,engineering master's students are facing practical difficulties such as intensified employment competition,prolonged job search cycles,and some graduates deviating from employment in the engineering field. In this context,economic support has transcended the scope of basic subsistence and has become a key institutional arrangement supporting the capability development and career growth of engineering master's students. Based on a survey database of engineering master's students in the Yangtze River Economic Belt region,this study empirically analyzes the impact of the financial support system on the employment quality of engineering master's students. The findings indicate that financial support can significantly enhance the career acquisition of engineering master's students,improve their employment satisfaction,and positively influence their initial salary. In terms of the support structure,institutional financial support exhibits an inclusive nature,and its promoting effect on the employment quality of engineering master's students is particularly pronounced. Moreover,for disadvantaged student groups with low family socioeconomic status,financial support demonstrates a significant employment compensatory effect.